ĐKXĐ : \(x\ne-5;-m\)

\(\dfrac{x-m}{x+5}+\dfrac{x-5}{x+m}=2\left(1\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(x-m\right)\left(x+m\right)+\left(x+5\right)\left(x-5\right)}{\left(x+5\right)\left(x+m\right)}=2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-m^2+x^2-25=2x^2+2xm+10x+10m\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2xm+10x+m^2+10m+25=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x\left(m+5\right)=-\left(m+5\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{-\left(m+5\right)}{2}\)

PT \(\left(1\right)\) VN \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{-\left(m+5\right)}{2}=-5\\\dfrac{\left(-m+5\right)}{2}=-m\end{matrix}\right.\)

`(x-m)/(x+5)+(x-5)/(x+m)=2`

`ĐK:x ne -5;-m`

`<=>(x^2-m+x^2-5)/((x+5)(x+m))=2`

`<=>2x^2-m-5=2(x+5)(x+m)`

`<=>2x^2-m-5=2(x^2+xm+5x+5m)`

`<=>2x^2-m-5=2x^2+2xm+10x+10m`

`<=>2xm+10x+10m=-m-5`

`<=>2x(m+5)=9m-5`

Pt vô nghiệm

`<=>m+5=0,9m-5 ne 0`

`<=>m=-5,m ne 5/9`

`<=>m=-5`

Vậy `m=-5` thì phương trình vô nghiệm.

Câu này của bạn có người trả lời lúc trước rồi mà

https://hoc24.vn/cau-hoi/cho-phuong-trinh-an-x-dfracx-mx-5-dfracx-5x-m2-1-voi-nhung-gia-tri-nao-cua-m-thi-phuong-trinh-1-vo-nghiem.377204778288

Đặt \(x+\dfrac{1}{x}=a;y+\dfrac{1}{y}=b\left(\left|a\right|\ge2;\left|b\right|\ge2\right)\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{1}{x}+y+\dfrac{1}{y}=5\\x^3+y^3+\dfrac{1}{x^3}+\dfrac{1}{y^3}=15m-25\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{1}{x}+y+\dfrac{1}{y}=5\\\left(x^3+\dfrac{1}{x^3}\right)+\left(y^3+\dfrac{1}{y^3}\right)=15m-25\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{1}{x}+y+\dfrac{1}{y}=5\\\left(x+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)^3-3\left(x+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)+\left(y+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)^3-3\left(y+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)=15m-25\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{1}{x}+y+\dfrac{1}{y}=5\\\left(x+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)^3+\left(y+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)^3-3\left(x+\dfrac{1}{x}+y+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)=15m-25\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{1}{x}+y+\dfrac{1}{y}=5\\\left(x+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)^3+\left(y+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)^3=15m-10\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=5\\a^3+b^3=15m-10\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=5\\\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)=15m-10\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=5\\125-15ab=15m-10\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=5\\ab=9-m\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow a,b\) là nghiệm của phương trình \(t^2-5t+9-m=0\left(1\right)\)

a, Nếu \(m=3\), phương trình \(\left(1\right)\) trở thành

\(t^2-5t+6=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=2\\t=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2\\b=3\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=3\\b=2\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)

TH1: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{1}{x}=2\\y+\dfrac{1}{y}=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-1\right)^2=0\\y^2-3y+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=\dfrac{3\pm\sqrt{5}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

TH2: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{1}{x}=3\\y+\dfrac{1}{y}=2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{3\pm\sqrt{5}}{2}\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy ...

b, \(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow t=\dfrac{5\pm\sqrt{4m-11}}{2}\left(m\ge\dfrac{11}{4}\right)\)

\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{5\pm\sqrt{4m-11}}{2}\\b=\dfrac{5\mp\sqrt{4m-11}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{1}{x}=\dfrac{5\pm\sqrt{4m-11}}{2}\\y+\dfrac{1}{y}=\dfrac{5\mp\sqrt{4m-11}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x^2-\left(5\pm\sqrt{4m-11}\right)+2=0\left(2\right)\\2y^2-\left(5\mp\sqrt{4m-11}\right)+2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

Yêu cầu bài toán thỏa mãn khi phương trình \(\left(2\right)\) có nghiệm dương

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\Delta=\left(5\pm\sqrt{4m-11}\right)^2-16\ge0\\\dfrac{5\pm\sqrt{4m-11}}{2}>0\\1>0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow...\)

Sửa đề: \(\dfrac{x_1x_2}{x_1+x_2}=-\dfrac{m^2}{2}\)

PT có 2 nghiệm phân biệt \(\Leftrightarrow\Delta>0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(m-3\right)^2+4\left(2m^2-3m\right)>0\\ \Leftrightarrow9m^2-18m+9>0\\ \Leftrightarrow9\left(m-1\right)^2>0\left(\text{luôn đúng},\forall m\ne1\right)\)

Do đó PT có 2 nghiệm phân biệt với mọi \(m\ne1\)

Áp dụng Viét: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_1+x_2=3-m\\x_1x_2=3m-2m^2\end{matrix}\right.\)

Ta có \(\dfrac{x_1x_2}{x_1+x_2}=-\dfrac{m^2}{2}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3m-2m^2}{3-m}=-\dfrac{m^2}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4m^2-12m=3m^2-m^3\\ \Leftrightarrow m^3+m^2-12m=0\\ \Leftrightarrow m\left(m^2+4m-3m-12\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow m\left(m+4\right)\left(m-3\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}m=0\\m=-4\\m=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}m=0\\m=-4\\m=3\end{matrix}\right.\) thỏa yêu cầu đề

Thay m=-5 vào (1), ta được:

\(x^2-2x-5-3=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x-8=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-4x+2x-8=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-4\right)\left(x+2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=4\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

Bài 2: 

a) Ta có: \(\Delta=\left(m-1\right)^2-4\cdot1\cdot\left(-m^2-2\right)\)
\(=m^2-2m+1+4m^2+8\)

\(=5m^2-2m+9>0\forall m\)

Do đó, phương trình luôn có hai nghiệm phân biệt với mọi m

Bài 1:

ĐKXĐ \(2x\ne y\)

Đặt \(\dfrac{1}{2x-y}=a;x+3y=b\)

HPT trở thành

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=\dfrac{3}{2}\\4a-5b=-2\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{3}{2}-b\\4\left(\dfrac{3}{2}-b\right)-5b=-2\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{3}{2}-b\\6-9b=-2\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b=\dfrac{8}{9}\\a=\dfrac{11}{18}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+3y=\dfrac{8}{9}\\2x-y=\dfrac{18}{11}\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=2x-\dfrac{18}{11}\\x+3\left(2x-\dfrac{18}{11}\right)=\dfrac{8}{9}\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{82}{99}\\y=\dfrac{2}{99}\end{matrix}\right.\)

a. Với m=6 thì phương trình (1) có dạng 

x^2 - 5x +4= 0

<=> (x-1)(x-4)=0

<=> x=1 hoặc x=4

Vậy m=6 thì phương trình có nghiệm x=1 hoặc x=4

b. Xét \(\text{ Δ}=\left(-5\right)^2-4\cdot1\cdot\left(m-2\right)=33-4m\)

Để (1) có nghiệm phân biệt khi \(m< \dfrac{33}{4}\)

Theo Vi-et ta có: \(x_1x_2=m-2;x_1+x_2=5\)

Để 2 nghiệm phương trình (1) dương khi m>2

Ta có:

\(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x_1}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x_2}}=\dfrac{3}{2}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{x_1}+\dfrac{1}{x_2}+\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x_1x_2}}=\dfrac{9}{4}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x_1+x_2}{x_1x_2}+\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x_1x_2}}=\dfrac{9}{4}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{5}{m-2}+\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{m-2}}=\dfrac{9}{4}\Leftrightarrow20+8\sqrt{m-2}=9\left(m-2\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{m-2}-2\right)\left(9\sqrt{m-2}+10\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{m-2}=2\Leftrightarrow m-2=4\Leftrightarrow m=6\left(t.m\right)\)

Lời giải:

Để pt có 2 nghiệm $x_1,x_2$ thì:

$\Delta'=1+(3+m)=4+m\geq 0\Leftrightarrow m\geq -4$ (chứ không phải với mọi m như đề bạn nhé)!

Áp dụng định lý Viet: \(\left\{\begin{matrix} x_1+x_2=-2\\ x_1x_2=-(m+3)\end{matrix}\right.\)

$x_1, x_2\neq 0\Leftrightarrow -(m+3)\neq 0\Leftrightarrow m\neq -3$

$\frac{x_1}{x_2}-\frac{x_2}{x_1}=\frac{-8}{3}$

$\Leftrightarrow \frac{x_1^2-x_2^2}{x_1x_2}=\frac{-8}{3}$

$\Leftrightarrow \frac{-2(x_1-x_2)}{-(m+3)}=\frac{-8}{3}$
$\Leftrightarrow x_1-x_2=\frac{4}{3}(m+3)$

$\Rightarrow (x_1-x_2)^2=\frac{16}{9}(m+3)^2$

$\Leftrightarrow (x_1+x_2)^2-4x_1x_2=\frac{16}{9}(m+3)^2$
$\Leftrightarrow 4+4(m+3)=\frac{16}{9}(m+3)^2$

$\Leftrightarrow m+3=3$ hoặc $m+3=\frac{-3}{4}$

$\Leftrightarrow m=0$ hoặc $m=\frac{-15}{4}$ (đều thỏa mãn)